Bicycling and walking are growing in popularity both as forma of transportation and for recreation. Between 1977 and 1995, the number of bicycle trips in the U.S. more than doubled (Pucher, Komanoff, & Schimek, 1999). As the number of cyclists increases, communities are realizing that the convergence of cycling facilities, participants and industry can be a significant driver of and contributor to local economies. 

These four 2008 white papers were supported through the Initiative for Bicycle and Pedestrian Innovation (IBPI) and funded by the Oregon Transportation Research and Education Consortium (OTREC), and can be downloaded below:

A Review of Literature: The Economic Benefits of Bicycling 
A Review of Literature: The Mental Health Benefits of Walking and Bicycling
A Review of Literature: Intersection Treatments to Improve Bicycle Access and Safety
A Review of Literature: The Effectiveness of Safe Routes to School and Other Programs to Promote Active Transportation to School